![]() The prevalence of IMLNs has been reported to range between 1 and 28%. This is probably due to the relatively small number of reported cases and the rarity of studies that have focused on IMLNs.Īlthough IMLNs can be located in any part of the breast, they are most commonly found in the upper outer quadrant (UOQ). IMLNs have received little attention compared to AxLNs as potential prognostic indicators in breast carcinoma. These features distinguish them from low-lying axillary lymph nodes (AxLNs) which are surrounded by axillary fat tissue. ![]() Intra-mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs) are lymph nodes surrounded completely by breast tissue, either fatty or fibroglandular tissue, and histologically show the presence of terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs) and possibly other proliferative breast lesions as fibrocystic disease, radial scar, etc. Malignant IMLNs are associated with advanced pathological features and should be removed during surgery. A suspicious IMLN should undergo a percutaneous biopsy. More effort should be performed to detect them during preoperative imaging and during pathological processing of specimens. ConclusionĬlinicians frequently overlook intra-mammary lymph nodes. In addition, the pathological N stage was significantly higher in the malignant IMLN group. Pathological features of the malignant IMLN group included larger mean tumor size in pathology (4.7 cm), larger mean size of the IMLN in pathology (1.7 cm), higher incidence of lympho-vascular invasion (65.9%), and higher rate of extracapsular extension in axillary lymph nodes (57.4%). The remaining 90 cases all had invasive breast cancer and were divided into two groups: one group for patients with malignant IMLNs (48) and another for patients with benign IMLNs (42). Three cases had phyllodes tumors and two cases had ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Intra-mammary lymph nodes were described in the final pathology reports of 100 patients. ![]() Radiological, pathological, and surgical data were studied. Medical records were reviewed for all breast cancer patients treated at the National Cancer Institute of Cairo University between 20. Properly characterizing pathological IMLNs and detecting the factors that might influence their prevalence in different stages of breast cancer might aid in proper therapeutic decision-making and could be of possible prognostic value. Due to the high variability of incidence and prevalence of intra-mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs), they might be overlooked during clinical and radiological examinations. ![]()
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